Which of the following best describes the purpose of disinfection in water treatment?

The purpose of disinfection in water treatment primarily focuses on eliminating pathogens, which are harmful microorganisms that can cause diseases in humans. Disinfection processes use various methods, such as chlorination, UV radiation, or ozonation, to kill or deactivate these pathogens, ensuring that the water is safe for consumption and meets public health standards. This step is crucial in the water treatment process, as untreated water can harbor bacteria, viruses, and protozoa that pose significant health risks.

While other aspects like sediment reduction, taste enhancement, and odor improvement are important for overall water quality, they do not specifically address the critical health concerns associated with microbial contamination. Therefore, the disinfection process is essential to protect public health and prevent waterborne illnesses.