When galvanizing a metal, it is coated with which material?

Galvanizing is a process used to protect steel or iron from corrosion by applying a protective zinc coating. Zinc acts as a sacrificial anode, meaning that it will corrode in place of the underlying metal, thereby extending the life of the steel or iron object. This is particularly important in applications where the metal is exposed to moist or corrosive environments, as it creates a barrier that prevents rust and degradation of the metal.

The other materials listed do not serve the same protective function as zinc. Lead can be toxic and is not commonly used for this purpose. Steel itself does not offer corrosion resistance and is actually what is being protected through galvanizing. Aluminum, while also resistant to corrosion, is not typically used in the galvanizing process; instead, it has its own distinct metallurgical properties and protective coatings. Thus, zinc is the correct answer as it specifically fulfills the requirements of galvanization.