What occurs during the process of condensation?

During the process of condensation, water vapor in the air undergoes a transformation into liquid water. This occurs when the temperature of the air decreases and reaches its dew point, causing the water vapor to lose energy and change state. As the air cools, it can no longer hold all the moisture in the form of vapor, leading to the formation of tiny droplets of liquid, which is commonly observed as dew, fog, or clouds.

The correct choice highlights this fundamental physical process that is crucial in the water cycle, as it plays a key role in precipitation and the distribution of water in the environment. Understanding condensation is important for water operators, as it relates to processes such as water treatment and atmospheric moisture management.