What is the primary purpose of coagulation in water treatment?

Coagulation is a key process in water treatment, primarily aimed at removing suspended particles and impurities from water. The process involves adding coagulants—chemicals such as alum or ferric chloride—to the water, which neutralizes the electric charges on particles that keep them suspended. Once these charges are neutralized, the particles aggregate, forming larger clusters known as floc.

This floc formation is crucial as it enhances the removal of impurities through subsequent processes such as sedimentation and filtration. By creating larger particles, it becomes significantly easier to separate the floc from the treated water, thus improving overall water quality. This function is essential in clarifying water and making it safe for consumption, aligning perfectly with the primary goal of coagulation in water treatment processes.