What is a primary source of Nitrate contamination in water?

Nitrate contamination in water is primarily linked to agricultural practices, particularly the use of fertilizers. When fertilizers are applied to crops, they contain nitrogen, which can leach into the groundwater or run off into surface water during rain events. This runoff carries nitrates into nearby streams, rivers, and lakes, significantly contributing to the increase in nitrate levels in these water bodies.

Fertilizers enriched with nitrogen compounds are designed to promote plant growth, but when they are overly applied or not adequately absorbed by plants, these nitrates can easily be washed away. This is especially prevalent in regions with extensive agricultural activities, making runoff from fertilizer use a leading cause of nitrate contamination. Understanding this source is crucial for water operators and environmental professionals aiming to manage and mitigate water quality issues effectively.