What is a PRIMARY source of volatile organic chemical (VOC) contamination of water supplies?

The primary source of volatile organic chemical (VOC) contamination in water supplies is industrial solvents. VOCs are organic compounds that can readily evaporate at room temperature, and they are commonly used in various industrial processes. These solvents can enter water supplies through improper disposal, spills, or leaks from storage tanks and manufacturing facilities, leading to contamination of groundwater and surface water.

Industrial solvents encompass a wide range of chemicals used for cleaning, degreasing, and as intermediates in chemical production. Their volatile nature means they can easily migrate through soil and into aquifers, posing a significant threat to water quality. Monitoring and regulating the use and disposal of these solvents is crucial to prevent their entry into drinking water sources.

While agricultural runoff, landfills, and household cleaners also contribute to water contamination, they are not the primary sources of VOCs specifically. Agricultural runoff is more related to pesticides and fertilizers, landfills often introduce a mix of chemicals and leachate, and household cleaners typically contain fewer VOCs in comparison to industrial applications. Therefore, the high volume and diverse use of industrial solvents make them the leading source of VOC contamination in water supplies.