What does the C value represent in piping systems?

The C value in piping systems specifically represents the interior roughness of the pipe. This value is a crucial factor in hydraulic calculations because it directly affects the friction loss that occurs as fluid flows through the pipe. The roughness of the pipe’s interior influences the resistance experienced by the fluid, which can lead to variations in flow rates and energy loss. A lower C value indicates a rougher pipe surface, which typically contributes to greater friction loss, while a higher C value suggests a smoother surface that allows fluid to flow more freely with less resistance. Understanding the C value is essential for engineers and operators when designing systems to ensure efficient and effective flow management.