What does a pitot gauge specifically measure during hydrant flow testing?

A pitot gauge is specifically designed to measure water pressure in a flowing system. During hydrant flow testing, the device is used to determine the velocity of water flow through a fire hydrant, allowing operators to calculate the flow rate indirectly by measuring the pressure that the water exerts when it leaves the hydrant. The pitot gauge captures dynamic pressure, which is crucial for understanding the performance of the hydrant and the water distribution system.

Measuring flow rate directly typically requires additional calculations or equipment, such as orifice plates or flow meters. Water temperature and oxygen levels are not relevant measurements within the context of hydrant testing using a pitot gauge, as these parameters do not influence the immediate flow dynamics or firefighting capabilities being assessed. Thus, the correct answer centers around the pitot gauge's function to specifically assess water pressure, providing vital information for ensuring adequate flow during firefighting operations.