How frequently do community and nontransient noncommunity public water systems using ground water normally monitor nitrate?

Community and nontransient noncommunity public water systems using groundwater are typically required to monitor nitrate levels annually. This frequency ensures that potential contamination, which can occur due to agricultural runoff or other anthropogenic sources, is consistently observed and managed. Annual monitoring provides a balance between regulatory requirements and the practicalities of maintaining water quality, allowing for the detection of any changes in nitrate concentrations over time without imposing excessively burdensome demands on the water systems. This regular assessment is crucial for safeguarding public health, as high levels of nitrate can lead to health issues, particularly for infants and pregnant women.