How does Fluoride potentially affect health?

Fluoride is a compound that is commonly added to drinking water in many communities to help prevent tooth decay. However, excessive exposure to fluoride, particularly in children whose teeth are still developing, can lead to dental fluorosis. This condition is characterized by changes in the appearance of the tooth enamel, which may result in discoloration, mottling, or even pitting in severe cases. Dental fluorosis occurs when children ingest too much fluoride during the enamel-forming years, typically from sources such as high-fluoride toothpaste, dietary supplements, or fluoridated water. While fluoride's benefits in preventing cavities are well-documented, it is essential to manage its concentration in drinking water to avoid the adverse effects associated with dental fluorosis.

In contrast to the other options, which either do not relate to fluoride's well-documented effects or suggest improvements in health that are not supported by scientific evidence, the link between fluoride and dental fluorosis is a widely recognized health concern. Understanding this potential side effect is crucial for water operators and public health officials to ensure safe levels of fluoride in water supplies and to communicate these risks to the public effectively.