How can chloramines, used in disinfection, affect human health?

Chloramines, which are compounds formed when ammonia is added to chlorine, are commonly used as a disinfectant in water treatment systems. One significant aspect of chloramines is their potential to cause irritation and discomfort, particularly to the respiratory system and skin. Individuals, especially those with pre-existing sensitivities or respiratory conditions such as asthma, may experience adverse reactions when exposed to water containing chloramines. This can manifest as symptoms like coughing, wheezing, or skin irritation. Therefore, understanding the health impacts of chloramines is crucial for water operators and the community to ensure safe drinking water and mitigate potential health risks.

Chloramines do not have the beneficial effects on the immune system or respiratory function implied in some of the other options. Their presence is significant enough that water quality monitoring and management strategies are essential to minimize any negative health impacts while still effectively disinfecting water supplies.